轮胎为什么是黑色的

2019-02-22 作者：liaowei1

　　【太平洋汽车】汽车轮胎全部都是黑色，是因为轮胎制作工艺里加入了碳黑这一种物质。碳黑（炭黑），是一种不定型碳，特性是质量轻、而且颗粒非常细微的黑色粉末，可以稳定橡胶分子增加轮胎使用寿命、防滑性能、以及耐磨能力。

世界上出现的第一条轮胎其实是白色的，轮胎的最主要的原材料是橡胶，而当时人工加工橡胶的技术并不成熟，因此用天然橡胶制作的轮胎只能大部分材料为天然橡胶，而白色正是天然橡胶最原始的颜色。
到了1915年，汽车界就开始普遍采用碳元素与碳氢化合物高温凝聚的工艺，橡胶呈现墨水般的纯黑色，而且耐磨性达到前所未有的水准。此后，橡胶轮胎进入黑色一统天下的漫长时期。
彩色轮胎的整体强度和反抗撕裂性能都比较差，耐老化性能也不好，使用时间一长胶料就会慢慢变黄变棕，影响了美观度，由于实用性能不佳，彩色轮胎遭到淘汰也就不可避免。黑色轮胎更安全，黑色轮胎的安全性高，也是大家一直认可它的一个重要原因。另外，黑色轮胎还很多优势，黑色百塔，更耐脏，而且能缓解视觉疲劳，试想一下，如果马路上全是五颜六色的轮胎，很可能会对驾驶员造成视觉上的干扰，加大交通事故的可能。（图/文/摄：太平洋汽车网廖维）

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